Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

• Santiago Ramos-Carreño,
• Ivone Giffard-Mena,
• Jose N. Zamudio-Ocadiz,
• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Ricardo Valencia-Yañez,
• Jaime Ruiz-Garcia,
• Maria Teresa Viana and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1360–1373, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.95

• electron microscope equipped with a digital camera operated at 200 keV. The size of the VLPs was measured using the ImageJ (U.S. NIH) software from digital recorded TEM images. Shrimp and rearing conditions. P. vannamei postlarvae (PL) were grown in 2,500 L circular tanks containing seawater (34 ppt

Control over size, shape, and photonics of self-assembled organic nanocrystals

• Chen Shahar,
• Yaron Tidhar,
• Yunmin Jung,
• Haim Weissman,
• Sidney R. Cohen,
• Ronit Bitton,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Gilad Haran and
• Boris Rybtchinski

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 42–51, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.5

• -TEM Cryo-TEM imaging was performed by a methodology analogous as described previously [36], using a Tecnai F20 transmission electron microscope operating at 200 kV and using a Gatan 626 cooling holder and a transfer station with a Gatan US4000 CCD digital camera or a Tecnai T12 transmission electron

• microscope operated at 120 kV, using a Gatan 626 cooling holder and transfer station, with a TVIPS F244HD CCD digital camera. Sample preparation: 8 μL of each sample was applied to a 300 mesh copper grid coated with holey carbon (Pacific Grid-Tech supplies). The samples were blotted at 25 °C and 95% relative

Preparation of Pickering emulsions through interfacial adsorption by soft cyclodextrin nanogels

• Shintaro Kawano,
• Toshiyuki Kida,
• Mitsuru Akashi,
• Hirofumi Sato,
• Motohiro Shizuma and
• Daisuke Ono

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2355–2364, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.257

• , emulsion, and oil phases after standing for 24 h. Photographs of the emulsions were taken with a digital camera (FinePix J250, Fujifilm Co., Japan). Drop test The emulsion type (o/w or w/o) was confirmed by a drop test. An emulsion droplet was placed into water or oil. If the droplet easily spreads and

• -DIC, OLYMPUS Co., Japan) equipped with a digital camera (D90, Nikon Co., Japan), which was connected to a laptop PC to record the images. The size distribution of the emulsion droplet was determined by measuring the dimensions of 50 droplets from the images recorded. Fluorescent microscopy was used to

A small azide-modified thiazole-based reporter molecule for fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection

• Stefanie Wolfram,
• Hendryk Würfel,
• Stefanie H. Habenicht,
• Christine Lembke,
• Phillipp Richter,
• Eckhard Birckner,
• Rainer Beckert and
• Georg Pohnert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2470–2479, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.258

• to basic laboratory documentation equipment (365 nm UV-transilluminator, digital camera and a low cost commercial UV filter). Introduction of at least one atom with characteristic isotopic pattern like bromine or chlorine is necessary for a unique mass spectrometric detection of labeled substances

Integration of enabling methods for the automated flow preparation of piperazine-2-carboxamide

• Richard J. Ingham,
• Claudio Battilocchio,
• Joel M. Hawkins and
• Steven V. Ley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.56

• than the solid polyethylene version used previously. Using a pear-shaped flask as a reservoir, so that the inlet needle for the second pump could access as much of the solution as possible, a camera/float combination was able to measure the amount of intermediate in the reservoir (Figure 11). A digital

• camera was positioned so that it was observing the collection vessel. Regular snapshots were taken and analysed using computer vision software to locate the green float within the image. This information was used to estimate the height of the float in the reservoir, which enabled the control protocol to

C–C Bond formation catalyzed by natural gelatin and collagen proteins

• Dennis Kühbeck,
• Basab Bijayi Dhar,
• Eva-Maria Schön,
• Carlos Cativiela,
• Vicente Gotor-Fernández and
• David Díaz Díaz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1111–1118, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.123

• scanning electron microscope (FESEM, resolution 0.8 nm) equipped with a digital camera and operating at 5 kV (accelerating voltage) and 10 μA (emission current). Xerogel samples of the corresponding hydrogels were prepared by the freeze-drying (FD) method [32]. The resulting material was placed on top of a

Camera-enabled techniques for organic synthesis

• Steven V. Ley,
• Richard J. Ingham,
• Matthew O’Brien and
• Duncan L. Browne

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1051–1072, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.118

• of the future. Keywords: automation; computer vision; digital camera; flow chemistry; machine-assisted synthesis; Introduction The increasing prevalence of digital camera technology for capturing images, videos and visible information is having a profound impact on many aspects of our modern

• processes [22][23][24][25]. We will not attempt to cover how digital camera methods in general can be applied to all chemical operations nor will we comment on other in-situ methods of reaction analysis such as UV, IR or Raman spectroscopy as this would constitute too broad a topic. Review From eyes to

• collection or synthesis procedures have a much reduced risk of human error, which may occur during long periods of classical observation or repetitive operations. Digital camera technology There is a vast selection of digital cameras available commercially, including smart phones, webcams, SLR cameras, and

Laterally substituted symmetric and nonsymmetric salicylideneimine-based bent-core mesogens

• Sonja Findeisen-Tandel,
• Wolfgang Weissflog,
• Ute Baumeister,
• Gerhard Pelzl,
• H. N. Shreenivasa Murthy and
• Channabasaveshwar V. Yelamaggad

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 129–154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.15

Synthesis of mesogenic phthalocyanine-C₆₀ donor–acceptor dyads designed for molecular heterojunction photovoltaic devices

• Yves Henri Geerts,
• Olivier Debever,
• Claire Amato and
• Sergey Sergeyev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 49, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.49

• and ESI mass spectra were recorded on a Waters AutoSpec 6. UV–Visible absorption spectra were recorded on a HP 8453 spectrophotometer in a quartz cell (optical path of 1 cm). For POM experiments, a NIKON Eclipse 80i microscope equipped with a digital camera DS Camera Head D5-5M was used; temperature